INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEM UPON THE FREQUENCY OF DISEASE AND PESTS ATTACK IN THE CASE OF PEA

References: 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2017, www.sgem.org, SGEM2017 Conference Proceedings, ISBN 978-619-7408-05-8 / ISSN 1314-2704, 29 June - 5 July, 2017, Vol. 17, Issue 32, 331-340 pp, DOI: 10.5593/sgem2017/32/S13.044

ABSTRACT

The pea production is influenced both by the soil tillage system and climate conditions during the vegetation period of the crop and by the degree of infesting with disease and pests of the crop. The control of pests and pathogenic agents in the case of pea crop is important in order to avoid production and quality losses produced by them, as it is known as a sensitive crop. The paper presents the influence of the soil tillage system (conventional, minimum tillage and no-tillage) applied to a phaeosiom from the Transylvanian Plain, on disease and pests, respectively the production of pea crop, during 2014-2016. Pea is a crop sensitive to the attack of disease and pests, especially when it is cultivated in no-tillage where the frequency of the attack produced by Bruchus pisorum, Fusarium sp. And Pseudomonas sp. is higher. The frequency of the attack produced by Bruchus pisorum was higher by 1.91% in minimum tillage and by 3.47% in no-tillage, in order to fight against this pest several treatments were necessary. The frequency of the bacteriosis attack, as an average during the research period was 4.1% in the conventional system, 5.0% in minimum tillage and 9.2% in no-tillage. The climate conditions are an important factor in the breeding and development of weevil and of phytopathogenic agents, the frequency of the attack established in 2015 is higher, as the weather conditions during the vegetation period were the best for the appearance of disease and pests. Under the conditions of identical treatments, the following productions were obtained: 3683 kg/ha in the conventional system, 3608 kg/ha in minimum tillage and 2459 kg/ha in no-tillage. In order to prevent the appearance and to reduce the percentage of attack produced to pea crop it is recommended to take treatments differentiated according to the tillage system applied and the use of integrated protection system of the crop.

Keywords: minimum tillage, no-tillage, phytopathogenic agents, pests, production, pea