METHODS OF DETECTING THE UNDERGROUND INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECTS

References: 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, www.sgem.org, SGEM2012 Conference Proceedings/ ISSN 1314-2704, June 17-23, 2012, Vol. 2, 763 - 770 pp

ABSTRACT

The utility cadastre records the following data about: electricity grid, water supply, gas
pipeline system, telecommunication system, heating system, sewers system and oil
pipeline system laid on the ground, under the ground, under the sea and under the water.
There are also specific data about the objects connected with each individual line
entered into the records. The paper describes visual and tracking methods of detecting
the objects of underground structure. The tracking methods are divided into the
following categories:
• Electromagnetic Techniques – Fixed Frequency Electromagnetic (EM) Profiling,
Time Domain Electromagnetic Sounding (TDEM), Time Domain Electromagnetic
Profiling, Very Low Frequency (VLF) Surveys, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
Profiling, Controlled Source Audiomagneto Tellurics (CSAMT)
• Electrical Techniques – 1D Resistivity Sounding, Electrical Resistivity Imaging
(ERI), Electrokinetic Sounding (EKS), Time Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP),
Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP), Spontaneous (Self) Potential, Geomembrane
Leak Location Surveys (GLLS)
• Seismic Techniques – Seismic Refraction Profiling, Seismic Reflection Profiling,
Continuous Surface-Wave System (CSWS), Downhole Seismic Surveys, Crosshole
Seismic Surveys, Crosshole Seismic Tomography
• Potential Field Techniques – Magnetic Profiling, Microgravity Profiling
• Radioactive Techniques – Radiometric Surveys
• Combined methods – Electrically-Electromagnetic method.

Keywords: utility cadastre, plant cadastre, utility lines, methods of tracking the
underground lines.